Lupus is a long-term autoimmune condition that causes inflammation in the body. While it can impact multiple organs, it often remains localized, affecting just one area. This means it doesn’t always disrupt the entire body.
An autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system, designed to protect the body, mistakenly attacks its own cells, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.
For many, lupus manifests in a mild form, but it has the potential to become severe without proper care. While there is no known cure, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and reducing inflammation to improve quality of life.
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Types of Lupus
Lupus is categorized into four main types:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE):
This is the most common form, capable of affecting multiple organs, including the kidneys, skin, joints, and heart.
Cutaneous Lupus:
This type primarily impacts the skin, leading to rashes or discoloration. It is further divided into:
Acute cutaneous lupus
Subacute cutaneous lupus
Chronic cutaneous lupus (also called discoid lupus)
Neonatal Lupus:
A rare type, this affects newborns whose parents carry certain autoimmune antibodies passed through the placenta. Symptoms typically resolve within a few months after birth.
Drug-Induced Lupus (DIL):
Certain prescription medications can trigger this form of lupus. Symptoms often disappear within weeks of discontinuing the medication.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Lupus symptoms vary widely from person to person. It often begins in early adulthood, between the teenage years and the 30s. Common symptoms include:
Persistent fever
Extreme fatigue
Body aches and inflammation
Joint pain and swelling
Rashes, such as the butterfly-shaped rash on the face
Skin lesions
Shortness of breath
Sjögren’s Syndrome: Chronic dryness of the eyes and mouth
Pericarditis and Pleuritis: Conditions that cause chest pain due to inflammation around the heart and lungs
Headaches, confusion, and memory issues
Why Awareness Matters
Lupus is a complex condition that doesn’t look the same for everyone. Its symptoms can range from mild to severe, and recognizing the signs early can make a significant difference in managing the disease effectively. While there’s no cure, understanding lupus empowers individuals to seek timely medical care, ensuring they can lead healthier, more comfortable lives.